Robert Knoth

Hira Mandi

Neither men nor women. The red light district in the Pakistani city of Lahore is 
as famous in South Asia as the Amsterdam district by the same name is throughout the West. Strict rules about the separation of men and women in Muslim societies have determined men and boys to have more explicit roles in many branches of the entertainment industry including dance, theatre and the sex industry. Important in Lahore are Hijras, best defined as ‘neither men nor women’. Men born as transgender, hermaphrodite or of female gender, trapped inside male bodies.

Hira Mandi

Neither men nor women. The red light district in the Pakistani city of Lahore is 
as famous in South Asia as the Amsterdam district by the same name is throughout the West. Strict rules about the separation of men and women in Muslim societies have determined men and boys to have more explicit roles in many branches of the entertainment industry including dance, theatre and the sex industry. Important in Lahore are Hijras, best de?ned as ‘neither men nor women’. Men born as transgender, hermaphrodite or of female gender, trapped inside male bodies.

Hira Mandi Pakistan

Neither men nor women. The red light district in the Pakistani city of Lahore is 
as famous in South Asia as the Amsterdam district by the same name is throughout the West. Strict rules about the separation of men and women in Muslim societies have determined men and boys to have more explicit roles in many branches of the entertainment industry including dance, theatre and the sex industry. Important in Lahore are Hijras, best defined as ‘neither men nor women’. Men born as transgender, hermaphrodite or of female gender, trapped inside male bodies.

Hira Mandi

Neither men nor women. The red light district in the Pakistani city of Lahore is 
as famous in South Asia as the Amsterdam district by the same name is throughout the West. Strict rules about the separation of men and women in Muslim societies have determined men and boys to have more explicit roles in many branches of the entertainment industry including dance, theatre and the sex industry. Important in Lahore are Hijras, best defined as ‘neither men nor women’. Men born as transgender, hermaphrodite or of female gender, trapped inside male bodies.

Certificate 000358/

Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan

Oksuatski (6). She stopped growing from the age of three. Her father came from the village Znameka close the Polygon. Her parents are ashamed of her and have taken from school. This is quite common in Kazakh culture. They are considering putting her in an orphanage because they lack the money to take good care of her. Oksuatski tries to learn at home now.

A reported 498 nuclear tests were conducted by the Soviet Union between 1949 and 1989. 118 atmospheric nuclear tests, 26 above ground and 454 underground nuclear test.

Although above ground testing was terminated in 1962, vented underground detonations occurred through out 1989. Last one took place in 1989 and resulted in a leakage of large amounts of radio-active gases. The nuclear tests caused wide spread radio active contamination in particular in Kazakhstan and Siberia.

Around 1.7 million people have been severely affected by radiation and been used as guinea pigs by the military. Cancers, leukemia, heart, cardio vascular diseases and bone diseases and children born with physical or mental handicaps have increased dramatically since the testing started. In 1999 UNDP declared the region a disaster zone and called for wide spread support for the people living there.

Certificate no. 000358/ about nuclear disasters in the former Soviet Union has traveled to more than 70 locations worldwide including: the Moscow House of Photography, Australian Centre for Photography, the Kunsthal in Rotterdam, la Place des Arts in Montreal, Center of Contemporary Art in Kiev and the Pingyao International Photofestival.

Tomsk 7, Certificate 000358/

Tomsk-7, Russia

ìThe Black Lakeî is situated next to the security perimeter of th SCC plant. On the terrain of SCC large amounts of radio-active waste are straight pumped into the ground. The earth migrates causing further spread of radio-active materials. The area of the Black Lake is highly contaminated.

The Siberian Chemical Combine in the closed city Tomsk-7 had over 35 accidents in four decades. The last major accident took place in 1993. An explosion destroyed part of a reprocessing facility and an area of 200 square kilometers was contaminated with radio active materials, resulting in evacuations. Most contamination of the area though stems from deliberate dumping of large amounts of highly radio active waste in the Tom River. Many inhabitants of the region and workers of the SCC have fallen ill. SCC keeps on pouring radio-active materials in open storage facilities and injecting it into the ground close to the water supply of populated areas. There are already large amounts of radioactive materials from Europe are processed by the SCC.

Certificate no. 000358/ about nuclear disasters in the former Soviet Union has traveled to more than 70 locations worldwide including: the Moscow House of Photography, Australian Centre for Photography, the Kunsthal in Rotterdam, la Place des Arts in Montreal, Center of Contemporary Art in Kiev and the Pingyao International Photofestival.